{"id":480,"date":"2015-09-10T19:17:49","date_gmt":"2015-09-10T19:17:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ejssm.org\/archives\/?p=480"},"modified":"2022-05-15T03:35:02","modified_gmt":"2022-05-15T03:35:02","slug":"vol-10-1-2015","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ejssm.org\/archives\/2015\/vol-10-1-2015\/","title":{"rendered":"Vol 10-1 2015"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4>Verification and Analysis of Impact-Based Tornado Warnings in the Central Region of the National Weather Service<\/h4>\n<div><em>Holly M. Obermeier, Mark R. Anderson<\/em><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Abstract<\/h4>\n<div>\n<p>The Joplin, Missouri EF5 tornado event on 22 May 2011 prompted the Central Region of the National Weather Service (NWS) to re-evaluate the current tornado warning format and implement the impact-based tornado warning (IBTW) experiment.\u00a0 IBTWs consist of tiers including damage tags and impact wording that convey increasing levels of damage.\u00a0 The damage wording within an IBTW is shown to relate to the Enhanced Fujita (EF) scale.\u00a0 Wording included in non-tagged IBTWs corresponds to EF0-EF2 tornado damage, while the damage wording for tagged IBTWs corresponds to EF3-EF5 tornado damage.\u00a0 This study investigates the accuracy of IBTWs by examining if a tornado occurs during the warning time frame, and whether the resulting damage matches the damage wording in the IBTW.\u00a0 All IBTWs from 1 April 2013 through 30 November 2013 were collected, as well as tornado survey information.\u00a0 Using these survey data, IBTWs were verified by the intensity of the tornado, if one occurred.\u00a0 Probability of detection (POD) and false alarm ratio (FAR) statistics are calculated through 2\u00d72 contingency tables for both non-tagged and tagged IBTWs.\u00a0 Results indicate that the majority of both non-tagged and tagged IBTWs are false alarms, and tagged IBTWs have a very low POD.\u00a0 Other studies have shown that limitations in current technology and scientific knowledge may contribute to false alarms and missed detections.\u00a0 Case studies are examined to analyze whether these limitations play role in the use of IBTWs.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Full Text:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ejssm.org\/archives\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/vol10-1.pdf\">PDF<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Citation:<br \/>\nObermeier, H. M. and M. R. Anderson, 2015:\u00a0Verification and analysis of impact-based tornado warnings in the Central Region of the National Weather Service.\u00a0<i>Electronic J. Severe Storms Meteor<\/i>.,\u00a0<b>10<\/b>\u00a0(1), 1-20.<\/p>\n<p>Keywords:<br \/>\ntornadoes, operational forecasting, forecast verification, damage assessment, societal impacts<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h5>Verification and Analysis of Impact-Based Tornado Warnings in the Central Region of the National Weather Service<\/h5>\n<p><i>Holly Obermeier, Mark R Anderson<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[42,74,21,62,13],"class_list":{"0":"post-480","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-article","7":"tag-damage-assessment","8":"tag-forecast-verification","9":"tag-operational-forecasting","10":"tag-societal-impacts","11":"tag-tornadoes","12":"entry"},"featured_image_src":null,"featured_image_src_square":null,"author_info":{"display_name":"Elke","author_link":"https:\/\/ejssm.org\/archives\/author\/elke\/"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ejssm.org\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/480","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ejssm.org\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ejssm.org\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ejssm.org\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ejssm.org\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=480"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/ejssm.org\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/480\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":895,"href":"https:\/\/ejssm.org\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/480\/revisions\/895"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ejssm.org\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=480"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ejssm.org\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=480"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ejssm.org\/archives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=480"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}